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Misinformation and Media Literacy: More Resources

List of Resources

AP-NORC (2022, October). Many believe misinformation is increasing extreme political views and behaviors. AP-NORC Center for Public Affairs Research. https://apnorc.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/Pearson-Institute-AP-NORC-Poll-Report-on-Misinformation.pdf

Aspen Digital. (2021, November) Commission on information disorder: Final report. https://www.aspeninstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Aspen-Institute_Commission-on-Information-Disorder_Final-Report.pdf

Baldassaro, M., Harbath, K. & Scholtens, M. (2021, August) The big lie and big tech: Misinformation repeat offenders and social media in the 2020 U.S. election. The Carter Center. https://www.cartercenter.org/resources/pdfs/news/peace_publications/democracy/the-big-lie-and-big-tech.pdf

Barrett, P.M. (2022, September) Spreading the big lie: How social media sites have amplified false claims of U.S. election fraud. New York University Stern Center for Business and Human Rights. https://bhr.stern.nyu.edu/tech-big-lie

Common Cause. (2021, October) As a matter of fact: The harms caused by election disinformation. Common Cause Education Fund. https://www.commoncause.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/CC_AsaMatterofFact_FINAL_10.27.21.pdf

Congressional Research Service. (2022, August 1) False Speech and the First Amendment: Constitutional Limits
on Regulating Misinformation. CRS Reports. https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/pdf/IF/IF12180

Cuffari, J. V. (2022, August 10). DHS Needs a Unified Strategy to Counter Disinformation Campaigns. Department of Homeland Security. https://www.oig.dhs.gov/sites/default/files/assets/2022-08/OIG-22-58-Aug22.pdf 

Deloitte (2022, November). The Future of News | An analysis of future trends, scenarios and initiatives to increase the value of news in 2030. https://www2.deloitte.com/content/dam/Deloitte/nl/Documents/technology-media-telecommunications/deloitte-nl-tmt-future-of-news-report-2022.pdf

GreenTarget (2023, September). NextGen journalists: Navigating misinformation, AI & the future of journalism. https://greentarget.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Greentarget-Future-of-Journalism-Report-2023.pdf

Head, A. J., et al. (2020, January). Information literacy in the age of algorithms. Project InfoLit. https://projectinfolit.org/pubs/algorithm-study/pil_algorithm-study_2020-01-15.pdf

Helmus, T. C. (2022, July). Artificial Intelligence, Deepfakes, and Disinformation. RAND Corporation. https://www.rand.org/content/dam/rand/pubs/perspectives/PEA1000/PEA1043-1/RAND_PEA1043-1.pdf

Howard, P. N., et al. (2021, August). Digital misinformation / disinformation and children. UNICEF. https://www.unicef.org/globalinsight/media/2096/file/UNICEF-Global-Insight-Digital-Mis-Disinformation-and-Children-2021.pdf

Knight Foundation. (2023, January). American Views 2022: Part 2: Trust, Media and Democracy. Knight-Gallup. https://knightfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/American-Views-2022-Pt-2-Trust-Media-and-Democracy.pdf

Media Literacy Now. (2022). U.S. media literacy policy report 2022. https://medialiteracynow.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/MediaLiteracyPolicyReport2022.pdf

Monaghan, K. & Rodriguez, C. (2023) Mis-and disinformation: Extremism in the digital age. Counter Terrorism Preparedness Network. https://www.london.gov.uk/sites/default/files/2023-12/CTPN%20Report%202023%20-%20Mis-and%20Disinformation%2C%20Extremism%20in%20the%20Digital%20Age%20%28Single%20Pages%29.pdf

Mont’Alverne, C., et al. (2022, September). The Trust Gap: How and Why News on Digital Platforms Is Viewed More Sceptically Versus News in General. Reuters Institute. https://reutersinstitute.politics.ox.ac.uk/sites/default/files/2022-09/MontAlverne_et_al_The_Trust_Gap.pdf

Newman, N. (2023, June 14). Overview and key findings of the 2023 Digital News Report. Reuters Institute. https://reutersinstitute.politics.ox.ac.uk/digital-news-report/2023/dnr-executive-summary

Pehlivanoglu D., et al. (2022). Aging in an "infodemic": the role of analytical reasoning affect and news consumption frequency on news veracity detection. Journal of Experimental Psychology. Applied 468–485. https://psycnet.apa.org/fulltext/2022-58029-001.pdf

Roozenbeek, J., et al. (2022). Psychological inoculation improves resilience against misinformation on social media. Science Advances. https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.abo6254

Shahi, M. (2023, Sept. 14). Protecting democracy online in 2024 and beyond. American Progress. https://www.americanprogress.org/article/protecting-democracy-online-in-2024-and-beyond/

UNESCO. (2022, May 3). Journalism under digital siege: World Press Freedom Day. UNESCO. https://en.unesco.org/sites/default/files/wpfd_2022_concept_note_en_v5.pdf

World Economic Forum. (2024, Jan. 10). Global risks 2024: Disinformation tops global risks 2024 as environmental threats intensify. UNESCO. https://www.weforum.org/press/2024/01/global-risks-report-2024-press-release/

  • Snopes Field Guide to Fake News Sites and Hoax Purveyors
    Snopes.com's updated guide to the internet's clickbaiting, news-faking, social media exploiting dark side.
  • FactCheck.org
    "...a nonpartisan, nonprofit “consumer advocate” for voters that aims to reduce the level of deception and confusion in U.S. politics."
  • Politifact
    "...a fact-checking website that rates the accuracy of claims by elected officials and others who speak up in American politics."
  • Society of Professional Journalists: Code of Ethics
    "Ethical journalism strives to ensure the free exchange of information that is accurate, fair and thorough."
  • AdFontesMedia
    "Home of the Media Bias Chart"
  • AllSides.com 
    "Free people from filter bubbles so they can better understand the world and each other."
  • MediaBiasFactCheck.com
    Want to know exactly which news sites are right-, left-, center-leaning or fake? Find out here! 
     
  • International Fact-Checking Network (Poynter Institute)
    "...dedicated to bringing together fact-checkers worldwide" and "...promoting best practices and exchanges in this field." 
      
  • FactualSearch.news (FactualNewsSearch)
    "...factualsearch.news is a Google Custom Search Engine using the reporting classifications of Media Bias/Fact Check website. Only sites with factual reporting of High or Very High are included. No information is collected by this site. Your search query is sent directly to Google, and is not monitored in any way by factualsearch.news."  
  • NAMLE: Core Principles of Media Literacy Education
    "The Core Principles below articulate NAMLE’s position on media literacy education and illuminate the complex dynamics between individuals, media, and the systems and structures that shape our world."
  • ACRL/EBSS Library Resources for Communication Studies
    "This guide is designed to give a basic start for researchers, librarians, and students who would like to find resources on the topic of media literacy. "

A Newsy/YouGov poll found Americans trust journalists over family and friends as trustworthy sources of news. (2021, February 1). Newsy/YouGov. https://www.newsy.com/stories/americans-say-facebook-is-biggest-source-of-misinformation/

AP-NORC (2022, October 8). Many believe misinformation is increasing extreme political views and behaviors. AP-NORC Center for Public Affairs Research. https://apnorc.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/Pearson-Institute-AP-NORC-Poll-Report-on-Misinformation.pdf

AP-NORC (2021, October). The American public views the spread of misinformation as a major problem. AP-NORC Center for Public Affairs Research. https://apnorc.org/projects/the-american-public-views-the-spread-of-misinformation-as-a-major-problem/

AP-NORC . (2023, November 3). There is bipartisan concern about the use of artificial intelligence in the 2024 elections. AP-NORC Center for Public Affairs Researchhttps://apnorc.org/projects/there-is-bipartisan-concern-about-the-use-of-ai-in-the-2024-elections/

Bealor, S. (2022, August 11). Large majority think they see misinformation online every week. Poynter. https://www.poynter.org/fact-checking/media-literacy/2022/survey-says-large-majority-think-they-see-misinformation-online-every-week/

Forman-Katz, N. & Jurkowitz, M. (2022, July 13). U.S. journalists differ from the public in their views of ‘bothsidesism’ in journalism. Pew Research. https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2022/07/13/u-s-journalists-differ-from-the-public-in-their-views-of-bothsidesism-in-journalism/

Klepper, D. (2022, October 12). Most in US say misinformation spurs extremism, hate. Associated Press. https://apnews.com/article/religion-crime-social-media-race-and-ethnicity-05889f1f4076709c47fc9a18dbee818a

Kulke, S. (2023, February 28). Half of Americans uncertain about ability to identify false political claims. Northwestern University. https://news.northwestern.edu/stories/2023/02/survey-half-of-americans-uncertain-about-ability-to-identify-false-political-claims/

Matsa, K.E. (2023, November 15). More Americans are getting news on TikTok, bucking the trend seen on most other social media sites. Pew Research. https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2023/11/15/more-americans-are-getting-news-on-tiktok-bucking-the-trend-seen-on-most-other-social-media-sites/

Sanchez, G.R. et al. (2022, July 26). Misinformation is eroding the public’s confidence in democracy. Brookings Institute. https://www.brookings.edu/blog/fixgov/2022/07/26/misinformation-is-eroding-the-publics-confidence-in-democracy/

St. Aubin, C. & Leidke, J. (2023, July 20). Most Americans favor restrictions on false information, violent content online. Pew Research. https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2023/07/20/most-americans-favor-restrictions-on-false-information-violent-content-online/

UNESCO (2023, September). Survey on the impact of online disinformation and hate speech. https://www.unesco.org/sites/default/files/medias/fichiers/2023/11/unesco_ipsos_survey.pdf

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